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  Supporting the Sustainable Management of Amphibian and Reptile Biodiversity

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VOLUME 5 (3) CONSERVATION BREEDING PROGRAMS

INTERNATIONAL CHAPTER - AMPHIBIAN AND REPTILE CONSERVATION  

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 Conservation Breeding Programs xxxx

 

 

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Zoo based amphibian research and Conservation Breeding Programs (CBPs). Robert K Browne, Katja Wolfram, Gerardo Garcia, Mikhail F Bagaturov, Zjef JJM Pereboom. Amphibian and Reptile Conservation 5(3):1-14. 

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 Sedgewick County Zoo has been very successful at breeding the Critically Endangered Loristan Newt (Neurergus kaiser) and raising funds for in in range research in Iran  

Summary: We explore “Zoo-based amphibian research and conservation breeding programs” through a literature review and a survey of research publication with public and subscription search engines. Amphibians are ideal candidates for zoo-based amphibian research and CBPs because of their generally small size, high fecundity, ease of husbandry, and amenability to the use of reproduction technologies. Zoo-based amphibian research and CBPs can include both in situ and ex situ components that offer excellent opportunities for publicity and education".

 

Husbandry, captive breeding, larval development and stages of the Malayan horned frog Megophrys nasuta (Schlegel, 1858) (Amphibia: Anura: Megophryidae). Marlen Wildenhues, Anna Rauhaus, Rike Bach, Detlef Karbe, Karin Van Der Straeten, Stefen T. Hertwig, Thomas ZieglerAmphibian and Reptile Conservation 5(3):15-28.

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 Megophrys nasuta 1 Megaphrys nasuta tadpoles 

Summary: We report the successful keeping and breeding of Megophrys nasuta at the Cologne Zoo’s Amphibian Breeding Unit. We also document the development and morphology of different larval stages of M. nasuta. Ovipositions were not seasonal and took place after a drier phase in the terrarium followed by simulation of rain. The larvae hatched about one week after egg deposition. Total time to metamorphosis was 2.5-3.5 months. Larvae developed faster at higher temperatures and lower densities.

Is there a chance for conservation breeding? Ex situ management, reproduction, and early life stages of the Harlequin toad Atelopus flavescens Duméril & Bibron, 1841 (Amphibia: Anura: Bufonidae). Anna Gawor, Anna Rauhaus, Detlef Karbe, Karin Van Der Straeten, Stefan Lötters, and Thomas Ziegler. Amphibian and Reptile Conservation 5(3):29-44.

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 Atelopus flavescens-1  Atelopus flavescens-2
 Atelopus flavescens  

Summary: Captive management and reproduction of the Harlequin toad from Suriname (Atelopus flavescens) at Cologne Zoo. Egg deposition was stimulated by maintaining A. flavescens in a drier environment followed by a wet period. We provide for the first time an overview of the larval development from oviposition to metamorphosis, including diagnostic morphological characters. Larvae hatched about five days after egg deposition. Tadpoles are gastromyzophorous and were observed rasping algae. The average time for larval development to stage 41 was 100-130 days, with faster development at higher temperatures. We were able to recognize individuals due to a constant color pattern.

The conservation breeding of two foot-flagging frog species from Borneo, Staurois parvus and Staurois guttatus. Doris Preininger, Anton Weissenbacher, Thomas Wampula, and Walter Hödl. Amphibian and Reptile Conservation 5(3):45-56.

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 Staurois 1  Staurois 2

Summary: The Bornean frogs of the genus Staurois live exclusively along fast-flowing, clear water rainforest streams, and are famous for displaying a variety of visual signals, including foot flagging. Their extraordinary behavior, and the continued loss of their natural habitat due to deforestation and subsequent pollution, make them a group of target species for captive breeding, as well as behavioral research. The Vienna Zoo has pioneered in the development of a research and conservation project for S. parvus and S. guttatus. We implemented two breeding and research arenas, offering an artificial waterfall and different options for egg deposition in a bio-secure container facility. Two months after introducing the frogs, we observed amplectant pairs and the first tadpoles. Vienna Zoo is the first zoo worldwide that has succeeded in breeding foot-flagging frog species and meanwhile has recorded over 900 tadpoles and at least 470 juveniles. One of the most striking observations has been the use of foot-flagging signals in recently metamorphosed S. parvus. This corroborates our assumption that “foot flagging” is employed as intraspecific spacing mechanism. The breeding success of two Staurois species at the Vienna Zoo can help in species conservation as it increases our knowledge on conditions necessary to breed tropical stream-dwelling anuran species found to be particularly threatened in nature. Furthermore,the captive colony provides research conditions to better understand the role of “foot flagging” as a visual signal component in anuran communication.

Building capacity to implement conservation breeding programs for frogs in Madagascar: Results from year one of Mitsinjo’s amphibian husbandry research and captive breeding facility. Edmonds D, Rakotoarisoa JC, Dolch R, Pramuk J, Gagliardo R, Andreone F, Rabibisoa N, Rabemananjara F, Rabesihanaka S, Robsomanitrandrasana  E. 2012. Amphibian and Reptile Conservation 5(3):57-69.

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 Mitsinjo 1  Mitsinjo 2

Summary: Madagascar is ranked 12th in amphibian species richness by the International Union on the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and is considered to be one of the highest priority countries for amphibian conservation. In response to the tremendous threats facing Madagascar’s amphibians, a national strategy for amphibian conservation was developed, emphasizing the need for ex situ conservation action. This project was officially launched through a collaborative effort between a community-run organization, the IUCN, and the Malagasy government. We discuss the process for developing and implementing this project which has included facility construction, terrarium building, culturing local feeder insects, and the training of Malagasy technicians. This is the first captive breeding and amphibian conservation project in Madagascar may become a center for training and education in an area of Madagascar that contains tremendous amphibian diversity and endemism.

Captive management and breeding of the Critically Endangered Southern Corroboree Frog (Pseudophryne corroboree)(Moore 1953) at Taronga and Melbourne Zoos. Michael McFadden, Raelene Hobbs, Gerry Marantelli, Peter Harlow, Chris Banks and David Hunter. 2013. Amphibian and Reptile Conservation 5(3):70-87.

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 Southern Corroboree Frog  Southern Corroboree Frog

Summary:  The Southern Corroboree Frog Pseudophryne corroboree is a small myobatrachid
frog from south-eastern Australia that has rapidly declined largely due to disease from the amphibian chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis. As a key recovery effort to prevent the imminent extinction of this species, an ex situ captive breeding program has been established. Successful captive breeding protocols have been established and key factors in achieving breeding include providing an adequate pre-breeding cooling period for adult frogs, separation of sexes during the non-breeding period, allowing female mate-choice via the provision of numerous males per enclosure and permitting the females to attain significant mass prior to breeding. To date, the success of captive breeding from 2010–2012 has permitted the reintroduction of 1,060 captive-produced eggs and an increasing captive population size that will support conservation research and provide insurance against further declines.

 

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     Dr Robert Browne

    Dr. Robert Browne Chairperson

    Dr. Browne established the Internet based ARC in 2011 and expanded it globally in 2013. Robert is committed to achieving the ARC's goal to provide for the sustainable management of amphibians and reptiles. He has a wide international experience in herpetological conservation and has published over 40 scientific articles on amphibian and reptile conservation. see Biography